Armadillo projection with New Zealand, made to illustrate this question by Thomas Ansart.
It’s a composed projection, but simpler, since New Zealand is at the margin and outside the main map. Check the variables ended with NZ to see the strange things.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style>
body {
background: #fcfcfa;
}
.stroke {
fill: none;
stroke: #000;
stroke-width: 3px;
}
.fill {
fill: #e5e6e1;
}
.boundaryNZ {
fill: #e5e6e1;
stroke: #000;
stroke-width: 1px;
}
.graticule {
fill: none;
stroke: #777;
stroke-width: .5px;
stroke-opacity: .5;
}
.land {
fill: #f9fdfc;
stroke: #444;
}
.boundary {
fill: none;
stroke: #444;
stroke-width: .5px;
}
</style>
<body>
<script src="//d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3-geo-projection.v2.min.js"></script>
<script src="//d3js.org/topojson.v1.min.js"></script>
<script>
var width = 960,
height = 560;
var projection = d3.geoArmadillo()
.scale(237)
.translate([width / 2, height/2])
.parallel(20)
.rotate([-10, 0])
.precision(.1);
var path = d3.geoPath()
.projection(projection);
var projectionNZ = d3.geoArmadillo()
.scale(300)
.translate([120 + (width / 2), -140 + height/2])
.parallel(20)
.rotate([-100, 0])
.precision(.1);
var pathNZ = d3.geoPath()
.projection(projectionNZ);
var graticule = d3.geoGraticule();
var graticuleNZ = d3.geoGraticule().extent([[160, -50], [179, -30]]);
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height);
var defs = svg.append("defs");
defs.append("path")
.datum({type: "Sphere"})
.attr("id", "sphere")
.attr("d", path);
defs.append("clipPath")
.attr("id", "clip")
.append("use")
.attr("xlink:href", "#sphere");
svg.append("use")
.attr("class", "stroke")
.attr("xlink:href", "#sphere");
svg.append("use")
.attr("class", "fill")
.attr("xlink:href", "#sphere");
svg.append("path")
.datum({type: "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[165, -50], [165, -30], [179, -30], [179, -50],[165, -50]]]})
.attr("class", "boundaryNZ")
.attr("d", pathNZ);
svg.append("path")
.datum(graticule)
.attr("class", "graticule")
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
.attr("d", path);
svg.append("path")
.datum(graticuleNZ)
.attr("class", "graticule")
.attr("d", pathNZ);
d3.json("world-50m.json").then(function(world){
var land = topojson.feature(world, world.objects.land);
var stream = d3.geoClipRectangle(166.509144322, -46.641235447, 178.517093541, -34.4506617165);
var landNZ = d3.geoProject(land, {stream});
svg.insert("path", ".graticule")
.datum(landNZ)
.attr("class", "land")
.attr("d", pathNZ);
svg.insert("path", ".graticule")
.datum(land)
.attr("class", "land")
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
.attr("d", path);
svg.insert("path", ".graticule")
.datum(topojson.mesh(world, world.objects.countries, function(a, b) { return a !== b; }))
.attr("class", "boundary")
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
.attr("d", path);
});
d3.select(self.frameElement).style("height", height + "px");
</script>